Autumn, like every seasonal change, brings variations in external temperature, humidity, and circadian rhythms, influenced by the alternation of light and darkness throughout the day. These changes also affect the biological functions of our body. 

Starting with the skin: as sunlight intensity decreases, the skin tends to dry out less than in summer and produces fewer free radicals, which cause premature aging. However, in autumn, the skin becomes thinner to absorb more UV rays, which are scarcer during this season. Consequently, we are more exposed to external factors such as cold and temperature fluctuations, leading to chapped, reddened, dull, and sensitive skin. 

The epidermis is not only the largest organ in our body but also the first ‘barrier’ against external agents, and it should therefore be kept elastic, well-nourished, healthy, and youthful for as long as possible. 

However, like the skin, the rest of the body also becomes more ‘fragile’ during this period and more susceptible to viruses and bacteria. Our immune defenses risk weakening and becoming less active when we need them most. 

What can be done? What substances can help us support our immune system and increase our antioxidant defenses, which are essential for the health of the body, including the epidermis? 

Benefits of Coenzyme Q10: multiple beneficial properties in a single molecule 

Research has highlighted the potential benefits and properties of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in various situations. Known for its antioxidant effects and widely used in anti-aging creams and serums, this molecule also appears to support immune defenses. Additionally, several studies have explored the positive effects of CoQ10 on heart health, especially in conditions such as heart failure and hypertension. 

Coenzyme Q10: where is it found? 

Coenzyme Q10, or CoQ10, is found in various foods, including meat (especially heart and liver), fish, nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, and vegetables such as spinach and broccoli, though in limited amounts. 

Our body is also capable of synthesizing this substance, but production may decrease with aging or due to certain diseases or high oxidative stress conditions. In cases of inflammation and infections, CoQ10 levels tend to drop, affecting the entire body. 

Coenzyme Q10: what is it used for, and how does it work? 

CoQ10 is a ubiquitous molecule, present in nearly all human cells. It is essential for energy production as it plays a key role in the electron transport chain within the mitochondria, the cell's 'power plants.' 

Additionally, Coenzyme Q10 acts as a free radical (ROS) scavenger, which it neutralizes due to its antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing properties, thus preserving cellular integrity. 

CoQ10 is particularly abundant in myocardial cells and has been studied for its role in supporting cardiac function and protecting against cardiovascular disease. A CoQ10 deficiency is associated with cardiovascular disease. In contrast, its presence can prevent the formation of substances such as leukotrienes and thromboxanes, which cause ischaemic myocardial damage. 

This is probably due to free radicals, which, by oxidizing LDL cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein), resulting in endothelial damage and impairment of the vasodilatory function of nitric oxide, promote the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. The accumulation of these plaques paves the way for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is crucial to keep ROS levels under control to prevent damage to the cardiovascular system, and a good antioxidant system is essential to combat oxidative stress. 

Due to its antioxidant properties, CoQ10 is also precious in supporting the immune system, which can be weakened by oxidative stress. Energy is crucial to activate an efficient immune system and make it work properly. Some studies suggest that coenzyme Q10 may play a role in modulating the immune response as it is essential for the production of ATP, the main source of energy for cells. It would directly influence the activation and proliferation of T- and B- lymphocytes, which are crucial for the adaptive immune response. 

After all, the link between oxidative stress and immune system performance has long been known. In the event of inflammation, our body reacts with an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which stimulate the immune response to buffer the emergency. However, the immune system, in turn, is weakened by the high levels of circulating ROS generated by the inflammatory response itself, as in a vicious circle. 

Supplementing with CoQ10 may be beneficial during increased exposure to infectious and viral diseases, particularly in autumn and winter when a quick immune response is crucial. It can enhance immune system performance, support cardiovascular health, and promote body functionality.